Criminology & Penology

Criminology & Penology — Construing Criminal Justice Administration System by Dr. (Adv.) Falak Naaz Shaikh is a concise, syllabus-aligned textbook for LL.B (Semester IV/VIII) that integrates criminological theory with India-specific law and practice. The book opens with the nature, history and principal schools of criminology, then analyses causes and classifications of crime (juveniles, white-collar, cyber, terrorists). It examines India’s police system and investigative powers, moving into penology—theories and kinds of punishment, capital punishment debates and the practical management of punishment. The corrections module covers prison types, the Prisons Act, 1894, rehabilitation programs, vocational training, and community service; it presents probation under the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958, and explains parole and furlough practice across Indian states (conditions, violations, supervision). The final section addresses victimology and the UN Declaration on Justice for Victims of Crime (1985); glossaries, case law notes and statutory summaries make the book highly usable for exam prep and applied learning. Designed for clarity and practice-orientation, this volume is both an academic primer and a practical reference for students, faculty and criminal-justice professionals seeking India-focused, exam-ready coverage.